Data Modelling

Definition

Data Modelling is a technique used to define, organize, and structure the data required by the business and its systems. It represents data entities, their attributes, and their relationships — independent of technical implementation at the conceptual and logical levels. Data models ensure that data requirements are complete, consistent, and shared across business and IT stakeholders before system design begins.

Inputs

• Business entities identified from requirements, concept models, and stakeholder discussions
• Business rules and constraints affecting data structure
• Existing data models or schemas if available
• Interface and integration requirements

Outputs

• Conceptual data model showing key entities and high-level relationships
• Logical data model with attributes, keys, cardinality, and business rules
• Inputs to physical database design and system development
• Improved alignment between business data requirements and technical implementation

When to Use

• Building or modifying data-intensive systems
• Integrating multiple systems that share common entities
• Designing reports, analytics, or data warehousing solutions
• Data migration or consolidation initiatives where structure must be preserved

When Not to Use

• Simple solutions with minimal data where inline definitions are sufficient
• When data structures are already standardized, stable, and governed
• Initiatives that do not involve data changes or new data requirements